Kuphatikiza pa ziwopsezo zodziwika bwino zachitetezo m'malo antchito ambiri atsiku ndi tsiku (monga zoopsa zamagetsi ndi moto), malo opangira ma cell amakhalanso ndi zoopsa zambiri komanso zoopsa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kasamalidwe ka maselo ndi nyama za anthu kapena nyama, komanso zapoizoni, zowononga kapena zowonongeka. zosungunulira.Ma reagents.Zowopsa zomwe zimafala ndi kubaya mwangozi kwa singano za syringe kapena nsonga zina zoipitsidwa, kutayikira ndi kukwapulidwa pakhungu ndi mucous nembanemba, kumeza kudzera m'mipope yapakamwa, ndi kupuma kwa aerosols opatsirana.
Cholinga chachikulu cha pulogalamu iliyonse yachitetezo chachilengedwe ndikuchepetsa kapena kuthetsa kuwonekera kwa ogwira ntchito ku labotale ndi chilengedwe chakunja kuzinthu zomwe zitha kukhala zovulaza.Chofunikira kwambiri pachitetezo m'ma labotale a chikhalidwe cha ma cell ndikutsata mosamalitsa machitidwe ndi njira zama microbiological.
1. Mulingo wa Biosafety
Malamulo ndi malingaliro aku US okhudza chitetezo chamthupi ali mu chikalata cha "Biosafety in Microbiology and Biomedical Laboratories" chokonzedwa ndi Centers for Disease Control (CDC) ndi National Institutes of Health (NIH) ndikufalitsidwa ndi US department of Health service.Chikalatachi chikulongosola magawo anayi okwera achitetezo, omwe amatchedwa "biosafety level 1" mpaka 4, ndipo akufotokoza machitidwe a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zida zachitetezo, ndi njira zotetezera malo pamilingo yofananira yokhudzana ndi kuthana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
1.1 Biosafety Level 1 (BSL-1)
BSL-1 ndi gawo lofunikira lachitetezo lomwe limapezeka m'ma labotale ambiri ofufuza ndi azachipatala, ndipo ndi yoyenera kwa ma reagents omwe amadziwika kuti samayambitsa matenda mwa anthu abwinobwino komanso athanzi.
1.2 Biosafety Level 2 (BSL-2)
BSL-2 ndi yoyenera kwa mankhwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo chapakatikati omwe amadziwika kuti amayambitsa matenda amtundu wosiyanasiyana kudzera mukumwa kapena kudzera pakhungu la transdermal kapena mucosal.Ma laboratories ambiri amtundu wama cell amayenera kukwaniritsa BSL-2, koma zofunikira zimatengera mzere wa cell womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso mtundu wa ntchito yomwe yachitika.
1.3 Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3)
BSL-3 ndi yoyenera kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a mbadwa kapena akunja omwe amadziwika kuti amatha kufalitsa aerosol, komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timayambitsa matenda oopsa komanso oopsa.
1.4 Biosafety Level 4 (BSL-4)
BSL-4 ndi yoyenera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu komanso osathandizidwa omwe amayambitsa matenda owopsa kudzera mu ma aerosols opatsirana.Othandizirawa amangopezeka ku ma laboratories otsekeredwa kwambiri.
2. Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
A Safety Data sheet (SDS), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Material Safety Data sheet (MSDS), ndi fomu yomwe ili ndi chidziwitso chokhudza katundu wazinthu zinazake.SDS imaphatikizapo zambiri zakuthupi monga melting point, boiling point, ndi flash point, zokhudzana ndi kawopsedwe, reactivity, zotsatira za thanzi, kusungirako ndi kutaya kwa chinthucho, komanso zida zodzitetezera zomwe zimalangizidwa ndi njira zothandizira kutayikira.
3. Zida Zotetezera
Zida zachitetezo m'ma labotale amtundu wa cell zimaphatikizanso zotchinga zazikulu, monga makabati oteteza zachilengedwe, zotengera zotsekedwa, ndi maulamuliro ena aukadaulo opangidwa kuti athetse kapena kuchepetsa kukhudzana ndi zinthu zowopsa, ndi zida zodzitetezera (PPE) zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizidwa ndi zida zazikulu zodzitetezera.Makabati oteteza zachilengedwe (mwachitsanzo ma cell culture hoods) ndi zida zofunika kwambiri, zomwe zimatha kuwongolera ma splash kapena ma aerosol omwe amapangidwa ndi njira zambiri zama cell ndikuteteza chikhalidwe cha maselo anu kuti chitha kuipitsidwa.
4. Zida Zodzitetezera Payekha (PPE)
Zida zodzitetezera (PPE) ndi chotchinga chachindunji pakati pa anthu ndi othandizira oopsa.Zimaphatikizapo zinthu zodzitetezera, monga magolovesi, malaya a labu ndi mikanjo, zophimba nsapato, nsapato, zopumira, zishango zakumaso, magalasi otetezera kapena magalasi.Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi makabati oteteza zachilengedwe ndi zida zina zomwe zimakhala ndi ma reagents kapena zinthu zomwe zikukonzedwa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-01-2023